Origins & Early Life

Muhammad Yakub Beg (c. 1820 – 30 May 1877), later known as Yakub Padishah, was the Kokandi ruler of Yettishar (Kashgaria), a state he established in Xinjiang from 1865 to 1877. He was recognized as Emir of Yettishar by the Ottoman Empire and held the title of "Champion Father of the Faithful". In English-language literature, the name Yakub Beg has also been spelt as Yaqub Beg, Yakoob Beg or Yaʿqūb Beg.

Pivotal Works & Achievements

Authors using Russian sources have also used the spelling Yakub-bek. A few publications in English written by Chinese authors transcribe his name as Āgǔbó, which is the pinyin transcription his name in Chinese, 阿古柏, a shortened form of Chinese: 阿古柏帕夏; pinyin: Āgǔbó Pàxià. The first name, Muhammad, is subject to the usual variations in spelling. Yaʿqūb is an Arabic analogue of Jacob, and Beg is a Turkic noble title. His noble title Beg was later elevated to Padishah after his rise to power.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

He was also given the title Atalıq Ghazi (Chagatay: اتالیق غازی, romanized: Ataliq Ghazi, lit. 'Champion Father of the Faithful') by the Emir of Bukhara in 1866, and the Ottoman Sultan granted him the title of Emir. Beg's ethnic background is uncertain. According...

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