Yettishar

Quick Facts: Who was Yettishar?

Subject:

Yettishar

Known for:

A Turkic Islamic state in Xinjiang, famous for its seven cities and resistance against the Qing.

Verified Source:

2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

Yettishar (Chagatai: یته شهر; Uyghur: يەتتەشەھەر; lit. 'Seven Cities' or 'Heptapolis'), also known as Kashgaria or the Kashgar Emirate, was a Turkic state in Xinjiang that existed from 1864 to 1877, during the Dungan Revolt against the Qing dynasty. It was an Islamic monarchy ruled by Yakub Beg, a Kokandi who secured power in Kashgar (later made Yettishar's capital) through a series of military and political manoeuvres. Yettishar's eponymous seven cities were Kashgar, Khotan, Yarkand, Yengisar, Aksu, Kucha, and Korla.

Career & Major Achievements

In 1873, the Ottoman Empire recognised Yettishar as a vassal state and Yakub Beg as its emir. The Ottoman flag flew over Kashgar from 1873 to 1877. On 18 December 1877, the Qing army entered Kashgar and brought the state to an end. By the 1860s, Xinjiang had been under Qing rule for a century.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

The area had been conquered in 1759 from the Dzungar Khanate whose core population, the Oirats, subsequently became the targets of genocide. However, Xinjiang consisted mostly of semi-arid or desert lands, which were not attractive to potential Han settlers aside from a few traders. Consequently, Turkic peoples such as the Uyghurs settled in the area instead.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1759: 1759 Milestone — The area had been conquered in 1759 from the Dzungar Khanate whose core population, the Oirats, subsequently became the targets of genocide.
2. 1864: 1864 Milestone — 'Seven Cities' or 'Heptapolis'), also known as Kashgaria or the Kashgar Emirate, was a Turkic state in Xinjiang that existed from 1864 to 1877, during the Dungan Revolt against the Qing dynasty.
3. 1873: 1873 Milestone — In 1873, the Ottoman Empire recognised Yettishar as a vassal state and Yakub Beg as its emir.
4. 1877: 1877 Milestone — On 18 December 1877, the Qing army entered Kashgar and brought the state to an end.

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Yettishar

True or False: “True: Yettishar was a Turkic Islamic state that existed during the Dungan Revolt against the Qing dynasty.”

Answer (TRUE ⭕): Yettishar was indeed a major Turkic Islamic entity in Xinjiang, whose rise was directly connected to the widespread Dungan Revolt challenging Qing authority.

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

• Abraham González (governor) — Historical peer (Born in 1864) (1864): Governor of Chihuahua and key Maderista leader during the Mexican Revolution.
• Adelaide Anne Procter — Historical peer (Died in 1864) (1864): English poet and philanthropist known for her work on poverty and faith.
• Adolphe Thiers — Historical peer (Died in 1877) (1877): Influential French statesman, historian, and President of the Third Republic.
• Aga Khan III — Historical peer (Born in 1877) (1877): 48th Imam of the Nizari Isma'ili community and founder of the All-India Muslim League.
• A. K. Fazlul Huq — Historical peer (Born in 1873) (1873): Pakistani statesman and jurist, known as Sher-e-Bangla, a founding father of Pakistan.
• Adam Sedgwick — Historical peer (Died in 1873) (1873): Pioneering British geologist and Anglican priest, co-founder of modern geology.
• Adrien Duport — Historical peer (Born in 1759) (1759): French politician and lawyer, known for his advocacy in the Parlement and opposition to royal ministers.
• Arabanoo — Historical peer (Born in 1759) (1759): Eora man forcibly taken by British colonists, becoming a key figure in early interactions.

Frequently Asked Questions about Yettishar