Treaty of Turkmenchay

Quick Facts: Who was Treaty of Turkmenchay?

Subject:

Treaty of Turkmenchay

Known for:

1828 treaty forcing Qajar Iran to cede South Caucasus territories to the Russian Empire.

Verified Source:

2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

The Treaty of Turkmenchay was an agreement between Qajar Iran and the Russian Empire, which concluded the Russo-Persian War (1826–1828). It was second of the series of treaties (the first was the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan and the last, the 1881 Treaty of Akhal) signed between Qajar Iran and Imperial Russia that forced Iran to cede or recognize Russian influence over the territories that formerly were part of Iran. The treaty was signed on 22 February 1828 (5 Sha'ban 1243) in Torkamanchay (a village between Tabriz and Tehran).

Career & Major Achievements

It made Iran cede the control of several areas in the South Caucasus to Russia: the Erivan Khanate, the Nakhchivan Khanate and the remainder of the Talysh Khanate. The boundary between Russia and Iran was set at the Aras River. These territories are now Armenia, the south of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Nakhchivan and Iğdır Province (now part of Turkey).

Enduring Legacy & Impact

The treaty was signed for Iran by the Crown Prince Abbas Mirza and Allah-Yar Khan Asef al-Dowleh, chancellor to Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, and for Russia by General Ivan Paskievich. Similarly to the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan, the treaty was imposed on Iran following a Russian military victory.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1813: 1813 Milestone — It was second of the series of treaties (the first was the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan and the last, the 1881 Treaty of Akhal) signed between Qajar Iran and Imperial Russia that forced Iran to cede or recognize Russian influence over the territories that formerly were part of Iran.
2. 1826: 1826 Milestone — The Treaty of Turkmenchay was an agreement between Qajar Iran and the Russian Empire, which concluded the Russo-Persian War (1826–1828).
3. 1828: 1828 Milestone — The treaty was signed on 22 February 1828 (5 Sha'ban 1243) in Torkamanchay (a village between Tabriz and Tehran).

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Treaty of Turkmenchay

True or False: “The Treaty of Turkmenchay was the final and most comprehensive agreement signed between Qajar Iran and the Russian Empire, ending all claims of Russian influence.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): The Treaty of Turkmenchay was significant, but it was not the final agreement; the 1881 Treaty of Akhal was signed later, continuing the pattern of treaties.

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

• Adolph Northen — Historical peer (Born in 1828) (1828): German painter known for dramatic battle scenes, especially Napoleonic Wars events.
• Albrecht von Graefe (ophthalmologist) — Historical peer (Born in 1828) (1828): Pioneering German ophthalmologist, instrumental in establishing modern eye care.
• Bernhard Riemann — Historical peer (Born in 1826) (1826): Pioneering mathematician whose work shaped modern analysis, geometry, and number theory.
• Carl Maria von Weber — Historical peer (Died in 1826) (1826): Pioneering German composer, central to the development of German Romantic opera.
• Antonio García Gutiérrez — Historical peer (Born in 1813) (1813): Leading Spanish Romantic dramatist, known for 'El trovador' and 'Simón Bocanegra'.
• Bennelong — Historical peer (Died in 1813) (1813): Eora man who served as a crucial cultural bridge between Aboriginal Australians and the British.
• Alcide De Gasperi — Historical peer (Born in 1881) (1881): Key statesman who led Italy through its post-war reconstruction and founding of the EU.
• Aleksey Pisemsky — Historical peer (Died in 1881) (1881): A prominent Russian novelist and dramatist, contemporary to Turgenev and Dostoyevsky.
• Emperor Go-Fukakusa — Historical peer (Born in 1243) (1243): 89th Emperor of Japan; reigned from 1246 to 1260, wielding significant influence.
• Philip of Courtenay — Historical peer (Born in 1243) (1243): Latin Emperor of Constantinople, whose authority was largely confined to Crusader States.

Frequently Asked Questions about Treaty of Turkmenchay