Biographical Overview & Key Facts

Subject:

Agustín de Iturbide

Role / Field:

Mexican military officer and politician who became the first Emperor of Mexico.

Born:

1783-09-27

Died:

1824-07-19

Century / Era:

1783s Historical Era

Database Source:

2Day Chrono-Wiki & Wikipedia CC BY-SA 4.0

Origins & Early Life

Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Arámburu (Spanish pronunciation: [aɣusˈtin de ituɾˈbiðe] ; 27 September 1783 – 19 July 1824), commonly known as Agustín de Iturbide and later by his regnal name Agustín I, was a Mexican army officer and politician who served as the first Emperor of Mexico from 1822 until his abdication in 1823. A criollo from a family of Valladolid's landed gentry, Iturbide entered the royal Spanish army in 1805 and became one of the most important commanders in the Mexican War of Independence, repeatedly defeating the insurgent forces from 1810 to 1815, culminating in the capture and execution of José María Morelos in 1815. He was dismissed from command in 1816 for corruption and cruelty towards the insurgent forces, but was reinstated in 1820 to defeat Vicente Guerrero. However, fearing the onset of republicanism following Spain's restoration of the liberal constitution of 1812, Iturbide allied with the insurgents under the plan of Iguala of 1821, which aimed to turn Mexico into a monarchy, with Roman Catholicism as its official religion and the abolition of the racial caste system and slavery.

Pivotal Works & Achievements

The new Army of the Three Guarantees quickly defeated the Spanish forces...

Enduring Legacy & Impact

The historical impact and works continue to influence the modern world.

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

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• 1783 Historical Timeline & Archive — Explore world events and figures from 1783
• September 27 (09-27) On This Day — Historical birthdays and events on September 27
• 1824 Historical Timeline & Archive — Explore world events and figures from 1824
• July 19 (07-19) On This Day — Historical events and memorials on July 19

Frequently Asked Questions about Agustín de Iturbide