Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)

Quick Facts: Who was Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)?

Subject:

Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)

Known for:

A pivotal 1868 agreement establishing the Great Sioux Reservation and defining tribal lands.

Verified Source:

2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

The Treaty of Fort Laramie (also the Sioux Treaty of 1868) is an agreement between the United States and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brulé bands of Lakota people, Yanktonai Dakota, and Arapaho Nation. The first Fort Laramie treaty, signed in 1851, had been a resounding failure. The United States had almost immediately violated it, with American miners and settlers migrating to Indian territory.

Career & Major Achievements

The United States Army had further broken the 1851 treaty when it initiated an armed invasion that resulted in the Grattan massacre in 1854, which sparked the first Sioux War. The 1868 treaty negotiations were thus initiated to replace the 1851 treaty, which had proven entirely ineffective.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

The treaty is divided into 17 articles. It established the Great Sioux Reservation including ownership of the Black Hills, and set aside additional lands as "unceded Indian territory" in the areas of South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, and possibly Montana.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1851: 1851 Milestone — The first Fort Laramie treaty, signed in 1851, had been a resounding failure.
2. 1868: 1868 Milestone — The Treaty of Fort Laramie (also the Sioux Treaty of 1868) is an agreement between the United States and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brulé bands of Lakota people, Yanktonai Dakota, and Arapaho Nation.

Notable Quotes by Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)

“The treaty was an attempt to replace the 1851 agreement, which had proven entirely ineffective.” (1868)

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)

True or False: “The 1868 Treaty of Fort Laramie successfully prevented all future conflicts over the Black Hills.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): The treaty established ownership of the Black Hills but did not prevent future legal and physical conflicts, as evidenced by later lawsuits.

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

• Abdülmecid II — Historical peer (Born in 1868) (1868): Last Ottoman Caliph and prominent Turkish aesthete, head of the Osmanoğlu family.
• Adah Isaacs Menken — Historical peer (Died in 1868) (1868): American actress, painter, and poet known for sensational stage performances.
• Arne Garborg — Historical peer (Born in 1851) (1851): Pioneering Norwegian writer and champion of Landsmål (Nynorsk) literary reform.
• Arthur Evans — Historical peer (Born in 1851) (1851): Pioneering archaeologist who defined Aegean Bronze Age civilization through excavations at Knossos.
• Albion Woodbury Small — Historical peer (Born in 1854) (1854): Pioneering American sociologist who established the first independent department of sociology in the US.
• Aletta Jacobs — Historical peer (Born in 1854) (1854): Pioneering Dutch physician and feminist, advocating for women's rights and reproductive health.

Frequently Asked Questions about Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)