Treaty of Ankara (1921)

Quick Facts: Who was Treaty of Ankara (1921)?

Subject:

Treaty of Ankara (1921)

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Treaty ending the Franco-Turkish War, benefiting Turkish territorial claims.

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2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

The Ankara Agreement (1921) (or the Accord of Ankara; Franklin-Bouillon Agreement; Franco-Turkish Agreement of Ankara, Turkish: Ankara Antlaşması, French: Traité d'Ankara) was signed on 20 October 1921 at Ankara (also known as Angora) between France and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, ending the Franco-Turkish War. The signatories were French diplomat Henry Franklin-Bouillon and Turkish foreign minister Yusuf Kemal Bey. Based on the terms of the agreement, the French acknowledged the end of the Franco-Turkish War and ceded large areas to Turkey.

Career & Major Achievements

However other French units in Turkey were not affected, in return for economic concessions from Turkey. In return, the Turkish government acknowledged French imperial sovereignty over the French Mandate of Syria. The treaty was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on 30 August 1926.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

This treaty changed the Syria–Turkey border set by the 1920 Treaty of Sèvres to the benefit of Turkey, ceding it large areas of the Aleppo and Adana vilayets. From west to east, the cities and districts of Adana, Osmaniye, Marash, Aintab, Kilis, Urfa, Mardin, Nusaybin, and Jazirat ibn Umar (Cizre) were consequently ceded to Turkey.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1920: 1920 Milestone — This treaty changed the Syria–Turkey border set by the 1920 Treaty of Sèvres to the benefit of Turkey, ceding it large areas of the Aleppo and Adana vilayets.
2. 1921: 1921 Milestone — The Ankara Agreement (1921) (or the Accord of Ankara; Franklin-Bouillon Agreement; Franco-Turkish Agreement of Ankara, Turkish: Ankara Antlaşması, French: Traité d'Ankara) was signed on 20 October 1921 at Ankara (also known as Angora) between France and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, ending the Franco-Turkish War.
3. 1926: 1926 Milestone — The treaty was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on 30 August 1926.

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Treaty of Ankara (1921)

True or False: “True or false: The Treaty of Ankara completely restored Turkey's pre-Sèvres borders without any concessions to France.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): False. While the treaty greatly benefited Turkey by revising the Sèvres border, the Turkish government was required to acknowledge French imperial sovereignty over the French Mandate of Syria.

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

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• ʻAbdu'l-Bahá — Historical peer (Died in 1921) (1921): Successor to Baháʼu'lláh and guiding light of the Baháʼí Faith.
• Aaron Klug — Historical peer (Born in 1926) (1926): Pioneering biophysicist known for crystallographic electron microscopy and nucleic acid structure.
• Abdus Salam — Historical peer (Born in 1926) (1926): Pioneering Pakistani theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate.
• Abraham Kuyper — Historical peer (Died in 1920) (1920): Influential neo-Calvinist pastor, journalist, and Prime Minister of the Netherlands.
• Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani — Historical peer (Born in 1920) (1920): Emir of Qatar (1960–1972) whose reign oversaw the nation's oil boom and independence.

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