Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway

Quick Facts: Who was Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway?

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Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway

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A 1995 chemical terrorist attack by Aum Shinrikyo on the Tokyo subway system.

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2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

The Tokyo subway sarin attack (Japanese: 地下鉄サリン事件, Hepburn: Chikatetsu sarin jiken; lit. 'subway sarin incident') was a domestic chemical terrorist attack perpetrated on 20 March 1995, in Tokyo, Japan, by members of the Aum Shinrikyo cult. In five coordinated attacks, the perpetrators released sarin, a nerve agent, on three lines of the Tokyo Metro (then Teito Rapid Transit Authority) during rush hour, killing 14 people, severely injuring 50 (some of whom later died), and causing temporary vision problems for nearly 1,000 others. The attack was directed against trains passing through Kasumigaseki and Nagatachō, where the National Diet (Japanese parliament) is headquartered in Tokyo. The group, led by Shoko Asahara, had already carried out several assassinations and terrorist attacks using sarin, including the Matsumoto sarin attack nine months earlier.

Career & Major Achievements

They had also produced several other nerve agents, including VX for assassination attempts, and attempted to produce Bacillus anthracis and botulinum toxin for bioterrorism. Asahara had been made aware of a police raid scheduled for 22 March and had planned the Tokyo subway attack in order to hinder police investigations into the cult and perhaps spark the apocalypse the leader of the group had prophesied. In the raid following the attack, police arrested many senior members of the cult. Police activity continued throughout the summer, and over 200 members were arrested, including Asahara. Thirteen of the senior Aum management, including Asahara himself, were sentenced to death and later executed; many others were given prison sentences up to life.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

As of 2026 the attack remains the deadliest modern incident defined as terrorism in Japan. Aum Shinrikyo was founded in 1984 as a yoga and meditation class, initially known as Oumu Shinsen no Kai (オウム神仙の会; "Aum Divine Beings' Society"), by pharmacist Chizuo Matsumoto. The group believed in a doctrine revolving around a syncretic mixture of Indian and Tibetan Buddhism, as well as Christian and Hindu beliefs, especially relating to the Hindu god Shiva. They believed Armageddon to be inevitable in the form of a global war involving the United States and Japan; that non-members were doomed to eternal hell, but could be saved if killed by cult members; and that only members of the cult would survive the apocalypse, and would afterwards build the Kingdom of Shambhala. In 1987, the group rebranded itself and established a New York branch.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1984: 1984 Milestone — Aum Shinrikyo was founded in 1984 as a yoga and meditation class, initially known as Oumu Shinsen no Kai (オウム神仙の会; "Aum Divine Beings' Society"), by pharmacist Chizuo Matsumoto.
2. 1987: 1987 Milestone — In 1987, the group rebranded itself and established a New York branch.
3. 1995: 1995 Milestone — 'subway sarin incident') was a domestic chemical terrorist attack perpetrated on 20 March 1995, in Tokyo, Japan, by members of the Aum Shinrikyo cult.
4. 2026: 2026 Milestone — As of 2026 the attack remains the deadliest modern incident defined as terrorism in Japan.

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway

True or False: “The primary goal of the 1995 Tokyo subway sarin attack was to cause mass casualties and disrupt government functions.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): While causing disruption was a goal, the attack was also intended by Aum Shinrikyo leadership to hinder police investigations into the cult and potentially spark an apocalypse.

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