Origins & Early Life

Percy Lavon Julian (April 11, 1899 – April 19, 1975) was an American research chemist and a pioneer in the chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants. Julian was the first person to synthesize the natural product physostigmine, and a pioneer in industrial large-scale chemical synthesis of the human hormones progesterone and testosterone from plant sterols such as stigmasterol and sitosterol. His work laid the foundation for the steroid drug industry's production of cortisone, other corticosteroids, and artificial hormones that led to birth control pills. Julian started his own company to synthesize steroid intermediates from wild Mexican yams.

Pivotal Works & Achievements

His work helped to greatly reduce the cost of steroid intermediates to large multinational pharmaceutical companies. This significantly expanded the use of several important drugs, including synthetic cortisone. Julian was one of the first African Americans to be allowed to earn a doctorate in chemistry. He was the first African-American chemist inducted into the National Academy of Sciences, and the second African-American scientist, after David Blackwell, inducted into the organization from any field. Throughout his career, Julian received...

Enduring Legacy & Impact

The historical impact and works continue to influence the modern world.

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

• Al Capone — Contemporary (Born in 1899) (1899): Notorious American gangster and businessman during the Prohibition era.
• Alfred Hitchcock — Contemporary (Born in 1899) (1899): Master of Suspense, influential English filmmaker known for psychological thrillers.
• Bertil Ohlin — Contemporary (Born in 1899) (1899): Influential Swedish economist, Nobel Laureate, and politician.
• 50 Cent — Contemporary (Born in 1975) (1975): Iconic rapper, actor, and entrepreneur known for raw storytelling and business acumen.
• Alex Rodriguez — Contemporary (Born in 1975) (1975): Legendary baseball player and businessman, known as "A-Rod"
• Allen Iverson — Contemporary (Born in 1975) (1975): Iconic NBA scorer and guard, nicknamed "the Answer", celebrated for his electrifying play.
• Anawrahta — Shared historical date (04-11 · Died) (1077): Founder of the Pagan Empire, unifying Upper Burma and establishing Burmese national identity.
• Andrew Wiles — Shared historical date (04-11 · Born) (1953): English mathematician renowned for proving Fermat's Last Theorem.
• August Wilhelm Iffland — Shared historical date (04-19 · Born) (1759): Prominent German actor and dramatic author, celebrated for his roles in Schiller's works.
• Benjamin Disraeli — Shared historical date (04-19 · Died) (1881): British statesman and Conservative leader, known for defining the modern Conservative Party.
• 1899 Historical Timeline & Archive — Explore world events and figures from 1899
• April 11 (04-11) On This Day — Historical birthdays and events on April 11
• 1975 Historical Timeline & Archive — Explore world events and figures from 1975
• April 19 (04-19) On This Day — Historical events and memorials on April 19