Pataliputra

Quick Facts: Who was Pataliputra?

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Pataliputra

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Ancient metropolis in Bihar, India; successive capital of powerful Indian empires.

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2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

Pataliputra (IAST: Pāṭaliputra), adjacent to modern-day Patna, Bihar, was a city in ancient India, originally built by Magadha ruler Ajatashatru in 490 BCE, as a small fort (Pāṭaligrāma) near the Ganges river. Udayin laid the foundation of the city of Pataliputra at the confluence of two rivers, the Son and the Ganges. He shifted his capital from Rajgriha to Pataliputra due to the latter's central location in the empire.

Career & Major Achievements

It became the capital of major powers in ancient India, such as the Shishunaga Empire (c. 413–345 BCE), Nanda Empire (c. 460 or 420 – c. 325 BCE), the Maurya Empire (c. 320–180 BCE), and the Gupta Empire (c. 320–550 CE). During the Maurya period (see below), it became one of the largest cities in the world. As per the Greek diplomat, traveler and historian Megasthenes, during the Mauryan Empire (c. 320–180 BCE) it was among the first cities in the world to have a highly efficient form of local self government.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

The location of the site was first identified in modern times in 1892 by Laurence Waddell, published as Discovery of the Exact Site of Asoka's Classic Capital. Extensive archaeological excavations have been made in the vicinity of modern Patna.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1892: 1892 Milestone — The location of the site was first identified in modern times in 1892 by Laurence Waddell, published as Discovery of the Exact Site of Asoka's Classic Capital.

Notable Quotes by Pataliputra

“During the Mauryan Empire, it was among the first cities in the world to have a highly efficient form of local self government.”

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Pataliputra

True or False: “True or False: Pataliputra was always the primary capital city of the Magadha region throughout all its historical periods.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): False. While it was a major capital, the Magadha region saw other centers of power, and the city's status fluctuated between various ruling empires, rather than being continuously the sole primary capital.

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