Moscow Uprising of 1682

Quick Facts: Who was Moscow Uprising of 1682?

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Moscow Uprising of 1682

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A major 17th-century Russian peasant and military revolt that shifted power to Sophia Alekseyevna.

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Origins & Early Life

The Moscow uprising of 1682, also known as the Streltsy uprising of 1682 (Russian: Стрелецкий бунт), was an uprising of the Moscow Streltsy regiments that resulted in supreme power devolving on Sophia Alekseyevna, the daughter of the late Tsar Aleksey Mikhailovich and of his first wife Maria Miloslavskaya. Behind the uprising lurked the rivalry between the Miloslavsky and Naryshkin relatives of the two wives of the late Tsar Aleksey, who died in 1676, for dominant influence on the administration of the Tsardom of Russia. The death of Tsar Feodor III of Russia on 27 April (7 May N.S.) 1682 triggered the uprising. The Naryshkin brothers of Tsarina Natalia Naryshkina availed themselves of the interregnum and persuaded the Patriarch to proclaim her ten-year-old son Peter as the new Tsar of Russia. The Miloslavsky party, which comprised the relatives of the late Tsarina Maria Miloslavskaya, spread rumours that the Naryshkins had strangled Maria's son, Peter's elder half-brother Ivan and poisoned the former Tsar, Feodor, in the Moscow Kremlin.

Career & Major Achievements

The Miloslavsky conspirators stirred up riots in the streets of the capital. They exploited the discontent of the Moscow regiments against their commanding officers. On 11 May 1682 the mob of the Streltsy took over the Kremlin and lynched the leading boyars and military commanders, whom they suspected of corruption—Artamon Matveev, Mikhail Dolgorukov, and Grigory Romodanovsky. A few days later, on 17 May, the rebels again stormed the royal residence and killed a number of Naryshkin supporters, including two of the Naryshkin brothers, Kirill and Ivan, in the presence of the young tsar Peter, their nephew. Mobs of poor people joined with the Streltsy, and the streets of Moscow saw several days of looting.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

The May uprising led to the proclamation of Peter's older half-brother Ivan V as the "first" tsar and the relegation of the young Peter I to second position, with Sophia, Ivan's full sister and Peter's half sister, acting as a regent for them both. In the autumn of 1682 Prince Ivan Andreyevich Khovansky (Tararui)—Sophia's close associate and one of the leaders of the rebellious Streltsy—turned against her. Supported by the Old Believers, Khovansky—who supposedly wanted to install himself as the new regent—demanded the reversal of Nikon's reforms. Sophia and her court had to flee the Moscow Kremlin and sought refuge in the Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra. Eventually, Sophia managed to suppress the so-called Khovanshchina (Khovansky affair) with the help of Fyodor Shaklovity, who succeeded Khovansky in charge of the Muscovite army.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1676: 1676 Milestone — Behind the uprising lurked the rivalry between the Miloslavsky and Naryshkin relatives of the two wives of the late Tsar Aleksey, who died in 1676, for dominant influence on the administration of the Tsardom of Russia.
2. 1682: 1682 Milestone — The Moscow uprising of 1682, also known as the Streltsy uprising of 1682 (Russian: Стрелецкий бунт), was an uprising of the Moscow Streltsy regiments that resulted in supreme power devolving on Sophia Alekseyevna, the daughter of the late Tsar Aleksey Mikhailovich and of his first wife Maria Miloslavskaya.

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Moscow Uprising of 1682

True or False: “The primary catalyst for the Moscow Uprising of 1682 was the death of Tsar Feodor III on April 27, 1682.”

Answer (TRUE ⭕): The text explicitly states that the death of Tsar Feodor III on 27 April (7 May N.S.) 1682 triggered the uprising.

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

• 5th Dalai Lama — Historical peer (Died in 1682) (1682): Spiritual and political leader of Tibet, unifying the region under the Ganden Phodrang.
• Bartholomew Roberts — Historical peer (Born in 1682) (1682): Most successful pirate of the Golden Age, known for capturing over 400 prize ships.
• Alexander Selkirk — Historical peer (Born in 1676) (1676): Scottish privateer and castaway whose survival inspired literary giants like Crusoe.
• Alexis of Russia — Historical peer (Died in 1676) (1676): Tsar of All Russia, second Romanov to rule, known for legal reforms and wars.

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