Origins & Early Life

Elizabeth J. Magie Phillips (née Magie; May 9, 1866 – March 2, 1948) was an American game designer, writer, feminist, and Georgist. She invented The Landlord's Game, the precursor to Monopoly, to illustrate teachings of the progressive era economist Henry George. Elizabeth J.

Pivotal Works & Achievements

Magie was born in Macomb, Illinois, in 1866 to Mary Jane (née Ritchie) and James K. Magie, a newspaper publisher and an abolitionist who accompanied Abraham Lincoln as he traveled around Illinois in the late 1850s debating politics with Stephen Douglas. After moving to the D.C. and Maryland area in the early 1880s, she worked as a stenographer and typist at the Dead Letter Office. She was also a short story writer, poetry writer, comedian, stage actress, feminist, and engineer.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

At the age of 26, Magie received a patent for her invention that made the typewriting process easier by allowing paper to go through the rollers more easily. At the time, women were credited with less than one percent of all patents. She also worked as a news reporter for a brief time in the early 1900s. In 1910, at age 44, she married Albert Wallace Phillips. They had no children. Magie was...

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

• Beatrix Potter — Contemporary (Born in 1866) (1866): Pioneering author and illustrator celebrated for natural history and children's literature.
• Benedetto Croce — Contemporary (Born in 1866) (1866): Italian idealist philosopher, historian, and political liberal.
• Bernhard Riemann — Contemporary (Died in 1866) (1866): Pioneering mathematician whose work shaped modern analysis, geometry, and number theory.
• Abby Aldrich Rockefeller — Contemporary (Died in 1948) (1948): American socialite and influential philanthropist, key patron of modern art.
• Abdulrazak Gurnah — Contemporary (Born in 1948) (1948): Acclaimed Tanzanian novelist and Nobel laureate exploring themes of colonialism and refuge.
• Akira Mutō — Contemporary (Died in 1948) (1948): Imperial Japanese Army General implicated in war crimes during WWII.
• Albert A. Michelson — Shared historical date (05-09 · Died) (1931): Pioneering American experimental physicist known for light speed measurements.
• Albert Finney — Shared historical date (05-09 · Born) (1936): Esteemed English actor celebrated for his versatile stage and screen performances.
• Andrei Linde — Shared historical date (03-02 · Born) (1948): Pioneering theoretical physicist known for inflationary cosmology and the multiverse concept.
• Bedřich Smetana — Shared historical date (03-02 · Born) (1824): Father of Czech Music, known for Má vlast and The Bartered Bride.
• 1866 Historical Timeline & Archive — Explore world events and figures from 1866
• May 9 (05-09) On This Day — Historical birthdays and events on May 9
• 1948 Historical Timeline & Archive — Explore world events and figures from 1948
• March 2 (03-02) On This Day — Historical events and memorials on March 2