Kandahar

Quick Facts: Who was Kandahar?

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Kandahar

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Major city in southern Afghanistan, capital of Kandahar Province.

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2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

Kandahar is a major city in southern Afghanistan, serving as the capital of Kandahar Province. It is within the jurisdiction of Kandahar District and has an estimated population of 732,629 settled residents. Mullah Hekmatullah is the current mayor of the city. His predecessor was Haji Nimatullah Hassan. Kandahar is located between the Arghandab River and the Tarnak River, at an elevation of approximately 1,010 m (3,310 ft) above sea level.

Career & Major Achievements

It is the center of the larger cultural region called Loy Kandahar. The Kandahar Municipality is administratively divided into 15 city districts (nahias), covering a land area of 273 km2 (105 sq mi). It has a number of industrial parks, public parks, bazaars, business centers, banks, hotels, restaurants, mosques, hospitals, universities, tourist sites, and places to play sports or just relax. The Ayno Maina township is located in the northeastern part of the city, next to the Kabul–Kandahar Highway. The region around Kandahar is one of the oldest known areas of human settlement.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

A major fortified city existed at the site of Kandahar, probably as early as c. 1000–750 BC, and it became an important outpost of the Achaemenid Empire in the 6th century BC. Alexander the Great laid the foundation of what is now Old Kandahar (in the southwestern area of the current city) in the 4th century BC and named it Alexandria Arachosia. Many empires have long fought over the city due to its strategic location along the trade routes of southern, central and western Asia. In 1709, Mirwais Hotak turned the region into an independent kingdom and made Kandahar the capital of the Hotak dynasty. In 1747, Ahmad Shah Durrani, founder of the Durrani dynasty, made Kandahar the capital of the Durrani Empire.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1000: 1000 Milestone — 1000–750 BC, and it became an important outpost of the Achaemenid Empire in the 6th century BC.
2. 1709: 1709 Milestone — In 1709, Mirwais Hotak turned the region into an independent kingdom and made Kandahar the capital of the Hotak dynasty.
3. 1747: 1747 Milestone — In 1747, Ahmad Shah Durrani, founder of the Durrani dynasty, made Kandahar the capital of the Durrani Empire.

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Kandahar

True or False: “The name Kandahar was definitively derived from the Greek name Alexandria Arachosia established by Alexander the Great.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): While Alexander founded a city there, modern scholars often suggest its name is more likely derived from Gandhara or local linguistic roots.

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Frequently Asked Questions about Kandahar