Origins & Early Life

Ğabdulla Möxəmmətğərif ulı Tuqay (26 April [O.S. 14 April] 1886 – 15 April [O.S. 2 April] 1913) was a Tatar poet, critic, publisher, and prominent contributor to Tatar literature. Tuqay is often referred to as the founder of modern Tatar literature and the modern Tatar literary language, which replaced Old Tatar.

Pivotal Works & Achievements

Ğabdulla Tuqay (Tukayev) was born in the family of the hereditary village mullah of Quslawic, in Kazan Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Tatarstan, Russia), near the modern town of Arsk. His father, Möxəmmətğərif Möxəmmətğəlim ulı Tuqayev, had been a village mandative mullah since 1864. In 1885 his wife died, leaving him a son and a daughter. Möxəmmətğərif married his second wife, Məmdüdə, daughter of Uchili village mullah Zinnətulla Zəynepbəşir ulı. On 29 August O.S.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

Möxəmmətgərif died when Ğabdulla was five months old. Soon Ğabdulla's grandfather also died and Məmdüdə was forced to return to her father and then to marry the mullah of the village of Sasna. Little Ğabdulla lived for some time with an old woman in his native village, before his new stepfather agreed to take Tuqay into his family. Tukay's relatively happy childhood did not last long...

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• 1886 Historical Timeline & Archive — Explore world events and figures from 1886
• April 14 (04-14) On This Day — Historical birthdays and events on April 14
• 1913 Historical Timeline & Archive — Explore world events and figures from 1913
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