Frederick IV, Duke of Austria

Quick Facts: Who was Frederick IV, Duke of Austria?

Subject:

Frederick IV, Duke of Austria

Known for:

Habsburg Duke of Austria, known for consolidating power in Tyrol and Further Austria.

Born:

1382

Died:

1439-06-24

Century / Era:

1382s Historical Era Archive

Verified Source:

2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

Frederick IV (1382 – 24 June 1439), also known as Frederick of the Empty Pockets (German: Friedrich mit der leeren Tasche), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria from 1402 until his death. As a scion of the Habsburg Leopoldian line, he ruled over Further Austria and the County of Tyrol from 1406 onwards. Frederick was the youngest son of Duke Leopold III (1351–1386) and his wife Viridis (d. 1414), a daughter of Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan. According to the 1379 Treaty of Neuberg, his father ruled over the Habsburg Inner Austrian territories of Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, as well as over Tyrol and the dynasty's original Further Austrian possessions in Swabia.

Pivotal Works & Achievements

After the early death of Duke Leopold in the 1386 Battle of Sempach, Frederick and his elder brothers William, Leopold IV and Ernest initially remained under the tutelage of their uncle Duke Albert III of Austria. As an inheritance dispute arose upon Duke Albert's death in 1395, the young Leopoldian dukes insisted on their rights: the next year, William went on to rule the Inner Austrian lands and Leopold IV ascended as Count of Tyrol. When Frederick came of age in 1402, he was formally assigned to administer his father's inheritance in the scattered Habsburg territories in Swabia, referred to collectively as Further Austria (Vorderösterreich) and took his residence in Freiburg im Breisgau. Another division of the Leopoldian territories took place after William' death in 1406: Duke Leopold IV, now eldest heir, ceded Tyrol to Frederick; however, he did not become sole ruler in Further Austria until Leopold's death in 1411. The early years of Frederick's reign were marked by external and internal conflicts.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

He had to overcome the opposition of Tyrolean nobles (who gave him the title "of the Empty Pockets") in 1406/1407 and a rebellion in the Bishopric of Trent. He also had to deal with the independence movement in the Swabian Appenzell lands, where the conflict with the Prince-Abbots of St Gall had escalated in 1401, sparking the Appenzell Wars. Frederick had to withstand in a series of longstanding military conflicts, until a peace was concluded in 1410. However, the Appenzell area became a protectorate of the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1411. Back in Tyrol, he had to face the invading forces of Duke Stephen III of Bavaria, whom he defeated in the Lower Inn Valley.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1351: 1351 Milestone — Frederick was the youngest son of Duke Leopold III (1351–1386) and his wife Viridis (d.
2. 1379: 1379 Milestone — According to the 1379 Treaty of Neuberg, his father ruled over the Habsburg Inner Austrian territories of Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, as well as over Tyrol and the dynasty's original Further Austrian possessions in Swabia.
3. 1382: Birth of Frederick IV, Duke of Austria — Habsburg Duke of Austria, known for consolidating power in Tyrol and Further Austria.
4. 1386: 1386 Milestone — After the early death of Duke Leopold in the 1386 Battle of Sempach, Frederick and his elder brothers William, Leopold IV and Ernest initially remained under the tutelage of their uncle Duke Albert III of Austria.
5. 1395: 1395 Milestone — As an inheritance dispute arose upon Duke Albert's death in 1395, the young Leopoldian dukes insisted on their rights: the next year, William went on to rule the Inner Austrian lands and Leopold IV ascended as Count of Tyrol.
6. 1401: 1401 Milestone — He also had to deal with the independence movement in the Swabian Appenzell lands, where the conflict with the Prince-Abbots of St Gall had escalated in 1401, sparking the Appenzell Wars.
7. 1402: 1402 Milestone — When Frederick came of age in 1402, he was formally assigned to administer his father's inheritance in the scattered Habsburg territories in Swabia, referred to collectively as Further Austria (Vorderösterreich) and took his residence in Freiburg im Breisgau.
8. 1406: 1406 Milestone — As a scion of the Habsburg Leopoldian line, he ruled over Further Austria and the County of Tyrol from 1406 onwards.
9. 1410: 1410 Milestone — Frederick had to withstand in a series of longstanding military conflicts, until a peace was concluded in 1410.
10. 1411: 1411 Milestone — However, the Appenzell area became a protectorate of the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1411.
11. 1414: 1414 Milestone — 1414), a daughter of Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan.
12. 1439 (1439-06-24): Passing & Historical Legacy — Frederick IV, Duke of Austria passed away on 1439-06-24, leaving an enduring historical legacy.

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Frederick IV, Duke of Austria

True or False: “Frederick IV was never forced to defend his territories against external military threats during his reign.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): He faced numerous conflicts, including the Appenzell Wars and invasions from Duke Stephen III of Bavaria.

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