Emperor Go-Kōgon

Quick Facts: Who was Emperor Go-Kōgon?

Subject:

Emperor Go-Kōgon

Known for:

Northern Emperor during the tumultuous Northern and Southern Courts period in Japan.

Born:

1338-03-23

Died:

1374-03-12

Century / Era:

1338s Historical Era Archive

Verified Source:

2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

Emperor Go-Kōgon (後光厳天皇, Go-Kōgon-tennō; 23 March 1338 – 12 March 1374) was the 4th of the Emperors of Northern Court during the Period of the Northern and Southern Courts. According to pre-Meiji scholars, his reign spanned the years from 1352 through 1371. This Nanboku-chō "sovereign" was named after his father Emperor Kōgon and go- (後), translates literally as "later;" and thus, he may be called the "Later Emperor Kōgon", or, in some older sources, may be identified as "Emperor Kōgon, the second", or as "Emperor Kōgon II." His personal name was Iyahito (彌仁). He was the second son of the Northern Pretender Emperor Kōgon, and brother of his predecessor, Emperor Sukō. His mother was Hideko (秀子), Sanjō Kinhide's daughter Lady-in-waiting: Hirohashi (Fujiwara) Nakako (廣橋（藤原）仲子; 1336/9-1427) later Sukenmon’in (崇賢門院), Hirohashi Kanetsuna's daughter Second son: Imperial Prince Ohito (緒仁親王) later Emperor Go-En'yū Fifth son: Imperial Prince Priest Eijo (1362–1437; 永助入道親王) Sixth son: Imperial Prince Priest Gyōnin (堯仁法親王; 1363–1430） Twelfth son: Imperial Prince Priest Gyōsho (堯性法親王; 1371–1388) Consort: Uemon-no-Suke no Tsubone (右衛門佐局) First son: Imperial Prince Priest Ryōnin (1355–1370; 亮仁入道親王) Third son: Imperial Prince Priest Gyojo (行助法親王; 1360–1386） son: (1361–1369) Seventh son: Imperial Prince Priest Kakuzō (1363–1390; 覺増法親王) Consort: Sakyōdaibu-no-Tsubone (左京大夫局), Hōin Chōkai's daughter First daughter: Imperial Princess Haruko (d.

Career & Major Achievements

1390; 治子内親王) Fourth son: Imperial Prince Priest Kakuei (覺叡法親王; 1361–1377) Eighth son: Imperial Prince Priest Dōen (道圓入道親王; 1364–1385) Eleventh son: Imperial Prince Priest Shōjo (聖助法親王; b.1371) Consort:Shonagon-naishi (少納言内侍), Tachibana no Mochishige ‘s daughter Tenth son: Imperial Prince Priest Myōshō (1367–1396; 明承法親王) from unknown women Ninth son: Imperial Prince Priest Kanshu (1366–1401; 寬守法親王) Thirteenth son: Imperial Prince Priest Kankyō (1373–1405; 寬教入道親王) Second daughter: Imperial Princess Kenshi (見子內親王) Fourteenth son: ? Daughter: Princess Shūnin (秀仁女王) In his own lifetime, Go-Kōgon and those around him believed that he occupied the Chrysanthemum Throne from 25 September 1352 to 9 April 1371. In 1351, Ashikaga Takauji briefly returned to the allegiance of the Southern Dynasty, causing the Southern Court to briefly consolidate control of the Imperial Line. However, this peace fell apart in April 1352. On this occasion, the Southern Court abducted Retired (Northern) Emperors Emperor Kōgon and Emperor Kōmyō as well as Emperor Sukō and the Crown Prince Tadahito from Kyoto to Anau, the location of the Southern Court.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

This produced a state of affairs in which there was no Emperor in Kyoto. Because of this, Imperial Prince Iyahito became emperor in 1352 with the support of Ashikaga Yoshiakira. During this period, the Era of the Northern and Southern Courts, because of the antagonism between the two competing dynasties, public order in Kyoto was disturbed. The Southern Court repeatedly recaptured Kyoto. Emperor Go-Kōgon was forced to repeatedly flee from Kyoto to Ōmi Province and other places.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1336: 1336 Milestone — His mother was Hideko (秀子), Sanjō Kinhide's daughter Lady-in-waiting: Hirohashi (Fujiwara) Nakako (廣橋（藤原）仲子; 1336/9-1427) later Sukenmon’in (崇賢門院), Hirohashi Kanetsuna's daughter Second son: Imperial Prince Ohito (緒仁親王) later Emperor Go-En'yū Fifth son: Imperial Prince Priest Eijo (1362–1437; 永助入道親王) Sixth son: Imperial Prince Priest Gyōnin (堯仁法親王; 1363–1430） Twelfth son: Imperial Prince Priest Gyōsho (堯性法親王; 1371–1388) Consort: Uemon-no-Suke no Tsubone (右衛門佐局) First son: Imperial Prince Priest Ryōnin (1355–1370; 亮仁入道親王) Third son: Imperial Prince Priest Gyojo (行助法親王; 1360–1386） son: (1361–1369) Seventh son: Imperial Prince Priest Kakuzō (1363–1390; 覺増法親王) Consort: Sakyōdaibu-no-Tsubone (左京大夫局), Hōin Chōkai's daughter First daughter: Imperial Princess Haruko (d.
2. 1338 (1338-03-23): Birth of Emperor Go-Kōgon — Northern Emperor during the tumultuous Northern and Southern Courts period in Japan.
3. 1351: 1351 Milestone — In 1351, Ashikaga Takauji briefly returned to the allegiance of the Southern Dynasty, causing the Southern Court to briefly consolidate control of the Imperial Line.
4. 1352: 1352 Milestone — According to pre-Meiji scholars, his reign spanned the years from 1352 through 1371.
5. 1371: 1371 Milestone — 1371) Consort:Shonagon-naishi (少納言内侍), Tachibana no Mochishige ‘s daughter Tenth son: Imperial Prince Priest Myōshō (1367–1396; 明承法親王) from unknown women Ninth son: Imperial Prince Priest Kanshu (1366–1401; 寬守法親王) Thirteenth son: Imperial Prince Priest Kankyō (1373–1405; 寬教入道親王) Second daughter: Imperial Princess Kenshi (見子內親王) Fourteenth son: ?
6. 1374 (1374-03-12): Passing & Historical Legacy — Emperor Go-Kōgon passed away on 1374-03-12, leaving an enduring historical legacy.
7. 1390: 1390 Milestone — 1390; 治子内親王) Fourth son: Imperial Prince Priest Kakuei (覺叡法親王; 1361–1377) Eighth son: Imperial Prince Priest Dōen (道圓入道親王; 1364–1385) Eleventh son: Imperial Prince Priest Shōjo (聖助法親王; b.

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Emperor Go-Kōgon

True or False: “Emperor Go-Kōgon's reign was solely recognized by the legitimate Imperial Court throughout its entire duration.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): His reign spanned the period of Northern and Southern Courts (Nanboku-chō), meaning his authority was contested between two rival factions.

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Frequently Asked Questions about Emperor Go-Kōgon