🇵🇪 Peru Chronological History Timeline

Cradle of the magnificent Inca Empire, Andean sacred architecture, and enduring indigenous wisdom.

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Chronological Timeline (56 Entries)

  1. [1200] Manco Cápac — Legendary founder of the Inca civilization in Cusco, central to Inca mythology.
  2. [1391] Pachacuti — The ninth Sapa Inca who transformed a chiefdom into the vast Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyu).
  3. [1450] Machu Picchu — Iconic 15th-century Inca citadel in Peru, known as the 'Lost City of the Incas'.
  4. [1464] Huayna Capac — Eleventh Sapa Inca of Tawantinsuyu; expanded the Inca Empire to its greatest extent.
  5. [1470] Chan Chan — Ancient capital of the Chimor kingdom, a major pre-Columbian city in northern Peru.
  6. [1470] Chimor — Major pre-Inca culture on the northern coast of Peru, known for its vast empire and artistry.
  7. [1475] Diego de Almagro — Spanish conquistador famed for his exploits and role in the conquest of Peru and Chile.
  8. [1478] Francisco Pizarro — Spanish conquistador famed for the conquest of the powerful Inca Empire.
  9. [1500] Atahualpa — The last effective Inca Emperor, whose reign marked the end of the great Andean civilization.
  10. [1502] Gonzalo Pizarro — Spanish conquistador, brother of Francisco Pizarro, key figure in the conquest of the Inca Empire.
  11. [1502] Hernando Pizarro — Spanish conquistador and brother who ruled over Peru during the 16th century.
  12. [1511] Francisco de Orellana — Spanish explorer famed for sailing the entire length of the Amazon River.
  13. [1524] Inca Empire — The largest empire in pre-Columbian America, centered on the Andean Mountains.
  14. [1532] Battle of Cajamarca — The ambush and seizure of Atahualpa by Francisco Pizarro, marking the start of the Inca conquest.
  15. [1532] Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire — The Spanish conquest dismantled the vast Inca Empire, fundamentally reshaping South American history.
  16. [1539] Inca Garcilaso de la Vega — Chronicler of Inca history, blending indigenous culture with Spanish narrative.
  17. [1542] Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira — Spanish explorer renowned for early Pacific voyages discovering Marquesas and Solomons.
  18. [1545] Túpac Amaru — Last Sapa Inca of the Neo-Inca State, executed by the Spanish.
  19. [1738] Túpac Amaru II — Indigenous cacique who led a major Andean rebellion against Spanish rule in Peru.
  20. [1750] Túpac Katari — Aymara insurrection leader who spearheaded a major rebellion against Spanish rule in Upper Peru.
  21. [1778] Bernardo O'Higgins — Founding father and Supreme Director of Chile's struggle for independence.
  22. [1778] José de San Martín — Argentine General and 'Liberator' of Independence for Argentina, Chile, and Peru
  23. [1783] José de la Riva Agüero — Peruvian soldier and politician; first President of Peru and key independence figure.
  24. [1785] Agustín Gamarra — Peruvian soldier and politician who served twice as President of Peru in the 1800s.
  25. [1792] Andrés de Santa Cruz — Peruvian-Bolivian general and politician, Supreme Protector of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation.
  26. [1797] Ramón Castilla — Peruvian caudillo who served twice as President, modernizing the state and abolishing slavery.
  27. [1800] Caral — Ancient Peruvian metropolis, considered one of the oldest urban centers in the Americas.
  28. [1800] Caral–Supe civilization — Ancient Peruvian civilization (c. 3500–1800 BCE) known for monumental, pre-ceramic urbanism.
  29. [1803] Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias — Brazilian military hero, politician, and 'Peacemaker' of the Empire of Brazil.
  30. [1814] José Balta — Peruvian soldier and politician who served as President of Peru from 1868 to 1872.
  31. [1833] Andrés Avelino Cáceres — Peruvian general and politician, celebrated national hero for leading resistance.
  32. [1863] Augusto B. Leguía — Peruvian politician and dictator, known for his 'Oncenio' rule (1919-1930).
  33. [1876] Óscar R. Benavides — Peruvian field marshal and politician who served as President of Peru during periods of authoritarian rule.
  34. [1879] War of the Pacific — A 19th-century conflict over nitrate deposits between Chile and a Bolivian-Peruvian alliance.
  35. [1881] Lima Barreto — Pioneering Brazilian novelist and journalist, satirist of the First Republic.
  36. [1889] Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro — Peruvian military officer, revolutionary, and politician who served as President of Peru (1931-1933).
  37. [1892] César Vallejo — A foundational Peruvian poet, celebrated for his universal voice and innovative spirit.
  38. [1910] Juan Velasco Alvarado — Peruvian general and politician who led a military government promoting nationalism and reform.
  39. [1912] Fernando Belaúnde — Prominent Peruvian politician who served two terms as President of Peru.
  40. [1920] Javier Pérez de Cuéllar — Peruvian diplomat who served as the fifth UN Secretary-General (1982–1991).
  41. [1921] Fernando Fernán Gómez — Esteemed Spanish polymath: actor, director, and literary giant.
  42. [1921] Francisco Morales Bermúdez — Peruvian general and politician who served as President of Peru from 1975 to 1980.
  43. [1922] Yma Sumac — Peruvian pioneer of world music, known for her extraordinary vocal range and artistry.
  44. [1925] Carlos Castaneda — Peruvian-American writer known for alleged shamanic teachings from Don Juan Matus.
  45. [1933] Lina Medina — Peruvian woman recognized as the youngest confirmed mother in history.
  46. [1934] Abimael Guzmán — Peruvian Maoist revolutionary leader, founder of the Shining Path.
  47. [1936] Mario Vargas Llosa — Pioneering Peruvian novelist, Nobel laureate, and chronicler of Latin American power structures.
  48. [1938] Alberto Fujimori — Peruvian politician who served as president from 1990 to 2000, known for neoliberal reforms.
  49. [1938] Pedro Pablo Kuczynski — Peruvian economist and politician, served as President of Peru from 2016 to 2018.
  50. [1945] Alejandro Toledo — Peruvian politician who served as President of Peru from 2001 to 2006.
  51. [1947] Doug Henning — Pioneering Canadian illusionist, escape artist, and entertainer.
  52. [1949] Alan García — Controversial Peruvian politician who served two non-consecutive terms as President of Peru.
  53. [1949] Teófilo Cubillas — Legendary Peruvian attacking midfielder, celebrated for his skill and technique.
  54. [1963] Martín Vizcarra — Peruvian engineer and politician who served as President of Peru from 2018 to 2020.
  55. [1981] Adriana Lima — Iconic Brazilian model, celebrated for her long tenure as a Victoria's Secret Angel.
  56. [0] Moche culture — Pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in northern Peru from 100 to 800 AD.