Colour revolution

Quick Facts: Who was Colour revolution?

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Colour revolution

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A series of non-violent protests in post-Soviet states aiming for Western democracy.

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Origins & Early Life

The colour revolutions (also spelt color revolutions) are a series of often non-violent protests and accompanying (attempted or successful) changes of government and society taking place in post-Soviet states (particularly Georgia, Ukraine, and Kyrgyzstan) and the former Yugoslavia during the 21st century. The aim of the colour revolutions is to establish Western-style democracies. They were primarily triggered by election results widely viewed as falsified. The colour revolutions are marked by the use of the internet as a method of communication, as well as a strong role of non-governmental organizations in the protests. Some of these movements have been successful in their goal of removing the government, such as: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia's Bulldozer Revolution (2000) Georgia's Rose Revolution (2003) Ukraine's Orange Revolution (2004) Kyrgyzstan's Tulip Revolution (2005) Armenia's Velvet Revolution (2018).

Career & Major Achievements

They have been described by political scientists Valerie Jane Bunce and Seva Gunitsky as a "wave of democracy", between the Revolutions of 1989 and the 2010–2012 Arab Spring. Russia, China, and Iran have accused the Western world of orchestrating colour revolutions to expand its influence. A definition of "colour revolution" suggested by Pavel Baev is "A mass protest or an unarmed uprising aimed at replacing, through elections, the sitting government that represents a semi/quasi-democratic regime." He noted that this definition was deliberately vague, but the revolutions did not target any reorganization of society or redistribution of property, had a non-violent nature, and a close connection with elections. The first of the student movements was Otpor! ('Resistance!') in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, founded at Belgrade University in October 1998 and began protesting against President Slobodan Miloševic during the Kosovo War.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

Most of them were already veterans of anti-Milošević demonstrations such as the 1996–97 protests and the 9 March 1991 protest. Many of its members were arrested or beaten by the police. Despite this, during the presidential campaign in September 2000, Otpor! launched its Gotov je (He's finished) campaign that galvanized Serbian discontent with Milošević and resulted in his defeat. have inspired and trained members of related student movements, including Kmara in Georgia, PORA in Ukraine, Zubr in Belarus, and MJAFT!

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1989: 1989 Milestone — They have been described by political scientists Valerie Jane Bunce and Seva Gunitsky as a "wave of democracy", between the Revolutions of 1989 and the 2010–2012 Arab Spring.
2. 1996: 1996 Milestone — Most of them were already veterans of anti-Milošević demonstrations such as the 1996–97 protests and the 9 March 1991 protest.
3. 1998: 1998 Milestone — ') in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, founded at Belgrade University in October 1998 and began protesting against President Slobodan Miloševic during the Kosovo War.
4. 2000: 2000 Milestone — Some of these movements have been successful in their goal of removing the government, such as: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia's Bulldozer Revolution (2000) Georgia's Rose Revolution (2003) Ukraine's Orange Revolution (2004) Kyrgyzstan's Tulip Revolution (2005) Armenia's Velvet Revolution (2018).

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Colour revolution

True or False: “The initial student movement, Otpor!, was founded specifically to protest the election results of 2000 in Serbia.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): Otpor! was actually founded at Belgrade University in October 1998 and began protesting against Slobodan Milošević during the Kosovo War.

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