🇲🇽 Mexico City Chronological History Timeline

Built on ancient Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire and the oldest capital city in the Americas.

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Chronological Timeline (52 Entries)

  1. [1325] Tenochtitlan — The magnificent Aztec capital built on an island in Lake Texcoco.
  2. [1398] Moctezuma I — Fifth Tlatoani of Tenochtitlan, who consolidated the early Aztec Empire.
  3. [1402] Nezahualcoyotl (tlatoani) — Poet-King of Texcoco, a philosopher, warrior, and architect of pre-Columbian Mexico.
  4. [1427] Aztecs — Mesoamerican civilization flourishing in central Mexico from c. 1300 to 1521.
  5. [1428] Aztec Empire — A powerful Mesoamerican empire formed by three city-states, dominating central Mexico from 1428 to 1521.
  6. [1450] Ahuitzotl — Eighth Aztec ruler and Huey Tlatoani of Tenochtitlan, key to Aztec expansion.
  7. [1466] Moctezuma II — Ninth Emperor of the Aztec Empire, reigning until the Spanish conquest.
  8. [1476] Cuitláhuac — Tenth Tlatoani of Tenochtitlan, famed for leading resistance against the Spanish conquest.
  9. [1495] Cuauhtémoc — The last Tlatoani of Tenochtitlan and final ruler of the Aztec Empire.
  10. [1519] Flower war — Ritual warfare between Aztec powers, used for training and appeasing gods.
  11. [1519] Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire — The 16th-century Spanish invasion that overthrew the powerful Aztec Empire in Mesoamerica.
  12. [1521] Fall of Tenochtitlan — The 1521 conquest of Tenochtitlan by the Spanish Empire and indigenous allies.
  13. [1521] Mexico — A vast North American nation, cradle of Mesoamerican civilization and modern emerging power.
  14. [1521] New Spain — Viceroyalty encompassing much of modern Mexico and US Southwest under Spanish rule.
  15. [1521] Viceroyalty of New Spain — Viceroyalty of New Spain: A vast Spanish colonial domain in the Americas.
  16. [1565] Spanish East Indies — Spanish colonial domain spanning Asia and Oceania from 1565 to 1901.
  17. [1810] Flag of Mexico — Mexico's national flag features vertical green, white, and red stripes with the Aztec-inspired coat of arms.
  18. [1810] Mexican War of Independence — The armed conflict ending Spanish rule in New Spain, leading to Mexican independence.
  19. [1818] Guillermo Prieto — 19th-century Mexican literary giant, poet, journalist, and liberal politician.
  20. [1875] Gustavo A. Madero — Mexican politician and key advisor to Francisco Madero during the Mexican Revolution.
  21. [1883] José Clemente Orozco — Master muralist of the Mexican Renaissance, known for intense social commentary.
  22. [1883] Manuel Gamio — Pioneering Mexican anthropologist and leader of the indigenismo movement.
  23. [1886] Diego Rivera — Pioneering Mexican muralist whose frescoes defined modern Mexican art.
  24. [1896] Alfonso Caso — Pioneering Mexican archaeologist renowned for pre-Columbian studies.
  25. [1902] Manuel Álvarez Bravo — Pioneering Mexican photographer known for capturing the surreal in the ordinary.
  26. [1904] Dolores del Río — Iconic Mexican actress, a star of Hollywood's Golden Age and Mexican cinema.
  27. [1912] Pedro Armendáriz — Iconic Mexican actor celebrated for his roles in the Golden Age of Cinema.
  28. [1913] Ramón Mercader — Spanish communist and NKVD agent, infamous for assassinating Leon Trotsky.
  29. [1914] Octavio Paz — Influential Mexican poet, philosopher, and Nobel laureate whose work spanned poetry and political thought.
  30. [1915] Germán Valdés — Iconic Mexican actor, comedian, and singer, famous for the pachuco style.
  31. [1916] George Rosenkranz — Pioneering Hungarian-Mexican chemist in steroid and biotechnology development.
  32. [1917] Leonora Carrington — British and Mexican surrealist painter, novelist, and feminist icon.
  33. [1917] Pedro Infante — Iconic Mexican singer and actor during the Golden Age of Cinema.
  34. [1920] Roaring Twenties — A decade of unprecedented economic boom, cultural dynamism, and social change in Western society.
  35. [1924] Ramón Valdés — Iconic Mexican actor and comedian, famed for Don Ramón in El Chavo del Ocho.
  36. [1926] José Alfredo Jiménez — Pioneering Mexican singer-songwriter, foundational to modern Ranchera music.
  37. [1928] Ernesto "Che" Guevara — Argentine Marxist revolutionary, key figure in Cuban Revolution, icon of global rebellion.
  38. [1929] Alejandro Jodorowsky — Avant-garde filmmaker known for violently surreal, mystical, and provocative cinema.
  39. [1929] Chespirito — Icon of Spanish-speaking humor, known for Chavo and El Chapulín Colorado.
  40. [1934] Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas — Prominent Mexican social-democrat politician and civil engineer.
  41. [1943] María Rojo — Esteemed Mexican actress and dedicated politician with a celebrated career.
  42. [1953] Andrés Manuel López Obrador — Mexican politician and writer, served as President of Mexico from 2018 to 2024.
  43. [1961] DBC Pierre — Acclaimed Australian author, known for the Man Booker Prize-winning novel, Vernon God Little.
  44. [1962] Eugenio Derbez — Esteemed Mexican actor known for diverse roles in film and television.
  45. [1968] Mexican Movement of 1968 — A pivotal social movement demanding democracy and an end to authoritarianism in Mexico.
  46. [1968] Tlatelolco massacre — A 1968 military massacre of unarmed student protestors in Mexico City.
  47. [1971] D. B. Cooper — Unidentified 1971 airplane hijacker who demanded ransom and parachuted into the wilderness.
  48. [1979] Salvadoran Civil War — A twelve-year civil war (1979–1992) in El Salvador between the government and leftist guerrillas.
  49. [1986] Riyo Mori — Japanese actress, dancer, model, and beauty queen crowned Miss Universe 2007.
  50. [2011] Cherán — A self-governing indigenous municipality in Michoacán, Mexico, known for its direct democracy.
  51. [—] Sonora — Free and Sovereign State of Sonora, located in northwest Mexico.
  52. [—] Teotihuacan — Ancient Mesoamerican metropolis known for its massive pyramids, including the Sun and Moon.