Chronology of Western colonialism

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Chronology of Western colonialism

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A sweeping chronology detailing European expansion, trade monopolies, and colonial rule across continents.

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2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

This is a non-exhaustive chronology of colonialism-related events, which may reflect political events, cultural events, and important global events that have influenced colonization and decolonization. 334 B.C Granicus River: Alexander the Great of Macedonia invades the Achaemenid Empire and defeats them at the Battle of Granicus River. 333 B.C Issus: Alexander the Great of Macedonia defeats the army of Darius III of Persia at the town of Issus in southern Anatolia. 218 B.C: During the Second Punic War, Hannibal, his men, and three dozen war elephants crossed the Alps in 15 days. 202 B.C Zama: Roman general Scipio defeats Hannibal.

Career & Major Achievements

146 B.C North Africa: The city of Carthage fell into the hands of the Roman Republic after the final attack led by Scipio the Younger. The city was destroyed and the remaining 50,000 Carthaginian citizens were sold into slavery. This battle ended the Punic Wars and practically ceded the remainder of Carthage's territory to the Roman Republic. 55 B.C Great Britain: The first Roman invasion of Britain took place when Julius Caesar and his legions landed on the British coast but were soon pushed from the area. He would return the following year with a much larger force and made better progress.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

However, Caesar would ultimately make peace with the British people and the Roman Republic would commence trade with them. Later Roman invasions would prove more successful. 821 Ireland: The first recorded Viking raid in Irish history occurred in AD 795 when Vikings, possibly from Norway looted the island of Lambay. The Viking raids on Ireland resumed in 821, the Vikings began to establish fortified encampments, longports, along the Irish coast and overwintering in Ireland instead of retreating to Scandinavia or British bases. The first known longports were at Linn Dúachaill (Annagassan) and Duiblinn (on the River Liffey, at or near present Dublin).

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Chronology of Western colonialism

True or False: “The initial Viking presence in America is definitively proven by archaeological findings at L'Anse aux Meadows in Canada.”

Answer (TRUE ⭕): L'Anse aux Meadows provides the most reliable physical evidence confirming Norse exploration and settlement in North America.

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