Biographical Overview & Key Facts

Subject:

Charles XIV John

Role / Field:

King of Sweden and Norway, founder of the Bernadotte dynasty.

Born:

1763-01-26

Died:

1844-03-08

Century / Era:

1763s Historical Era

Database Source:

2Day Chrono-Wiki & Wikipedia CC BY-SA 4.0

Origins & Early Life

Charles XIV John (Swedish: Karl XIV Johan; 26 January 1763 – 8 March 1844) was King of Sweden and Norway from 1818 until his death in 1844 and the first monarch of the Bernadotte dynasty. In Norway, he is known as Charles III John (Norwegian: Karl III Johan); before he became royalty in Sweden, his name was Jean-Baptiste Jules Bernadotte. During the Napoleonic Wars, he participated in battles as a Marshal of France. Born in Pau in the region of southern France known as Béarn, Bernadotte joined the French Royal Army in 1780.

Pivotal Works & Achievements

Following the outbreak of the French Revolution, he demonstrated great military talent, rising rapidly through the ranks and becoming a brigadier general by 1794. He served with distinction in Italy and Germany, and was briefly Minister of War. His relationship with Napoleon was turbulent; nevertheless, Napoleon named him a Marshal of the Empire on the proclamation of the French Empire. Bernadotte played a significant role in the French victory at Austerlitz, and was made Prince of Pontecorvo as a reward. His marriage to Désirée Clary, whose sister was married to Joseph Bonaparte, made Bernadotte a member of the extended Imperial family.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

In 1810, Bernadotte was unexpectedly...

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• March 8 (03-08) On This Day — Historical events and memorials on March 8

Frequently Asked Questions about Charles XIV John