Babak Khorramdin Revolt

Quick Facts: Who was Babak Khorramdin Revolt?

Subject:

Babak Khorramdin Revolt

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Major Zoroastrian uprising against the Abbasid Caliphate, led by Babak Khorramdin (816–837).

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2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

The Revolt of Babak Khorramdin (Persian: شورش بابک خرمدين, romanized: Shuresh Bābak Khorramdin ; Arabic: ثَوْرَةُ بَابَكْ الخُرَّمِيِّ, romanized: Thawrat Bābak al-Khurramī) was a series of uprisings by Babak Khorramdin, who led the Khurramite movement from 816 to 837, after Javidhan. It was one of the largest Persian uprisings against the Abbasid Caliphate and occurred during the reigns of Al-Ma'mun and Al-Mu'tasim, lasting for 20 years. The uprising was eventually suppressed and the Abbasids captured and executed Babak. The Khurramites under Babak's leadership, proclaimed the division and the redistribution of the great estates and the end to the despotic foreign rule. Taking advantage of the turmoil created by the Abbasid Civil War, they began making attacks on Muslim forces in 816 in Iran and Iraq.

Pivotal Works & Achievements

Babak's rise to the leadership of the Khurramites began when Javidhan ibn Sahl enlisted the help of a young man of illegitimate birth named Babak, appointing him to manage his local estate. The leader of the other Khurramite movement was a certain Abu Imran, who often clashed with Javidhans forces. During one of the clashes, Abu Imran was defeated and killed, whilst Javidhan was mortally wounded, dying three days later. Javidhan was succeeded by Babak, who had already converted to Khurramism under the latters service. when Babak's master died, he seized control of the Khurramite movement, claiming that Javidhan's spirit had passed to him.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

It was in 201/816-17 that Babak became the new leader of the Khurramites. The Khurramites opposed Muslims, particularly Arabs. Babak's revolt was based in Badhdh, a city located in the mountainous region south of Araxes river, situated between Ardabil and Ahar. The Khurramites seized control of Azerbaijan and other regions, seeking to restore the faith to Mazdakism. From his mountain fortress capital al-Badhdh (located south of the Aras river in modern Qarāja-dāḡ), Babak sent his forces westward to Armenia, eastward to Khorasan.

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Babak Khorramdin Revolt

True or False: “The Khurramite movement initially sought to restore the faith of Mazdakism.”

Answer (TRUE ⭕): The text explicitly states that the Khurramites were 'seeking to restore the faith to Mazdakism.'

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