Ariel Sharon

Biographical Overview & Key Facts

Subject:

Ariel Sharon

Role / Field:

Israeli general and politician who served as Prime Minister from 2001 to 2006.

Born:

1928-02-26

Died:

2014-01-11

Century / Era:

1928s Historical Era

Database Source:

2Day Chrono-Wiki & Wikipedia CC BY-SA 4.0

Origins & Early Life

Ariel "Arik" Sharon (Hebrew: אֲרִיאֵל "אָרִיק" שָׁרוֹן, [aʁiˈ(ʔ)el ʃaˈʁon] ; 26 February 1928 – 11 January 2014) was an Israeli general and politician who served as the prime minister of Israel from March 2001 until April 2006. Born in Kfar Malal in Mandatory Palestine to Russian Jewish immigrants, he rose in the ranks of the Israeli Army from its creation in 1948, participating in the 1948 Palestine war as platoon commander of the Alexandroni Brigade and taking part in several battles. Sharon became an instrumental figure in the creation of Unit 101 and the reprisal operations, including the 1953 Qibya massacre, as well as in the 1956 Suez Crisis, the Six-Day War of 1967, the War of Attrition, and the Yom-Kippur War of 1973. Yitzhak Rabin called Sharon "the greatest field commander in our history". Upon leaving the military, Sharon entered politics, joining the Likud party, and served in a number of ministerial posts in Likud-led governments from 1977 to 1992 and 1996 to 1999.

Career & Major Achievements

As Minister of Defense, he directed the 1982 Lebanon War. An official enquiry found that he bore "personal responsibility for ignoring the danger of bloodshed and revenge" before the Sabra and Shatila massacre of Palestinian refugees, for which he became known as the "Butcher of Beirut" among Arabs. He was subsequently removed as defense minister. From the 1970s through to the 1990s, Sharon championed construction of Israeli settlements in the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip. He became the leader of the Likud in 1999, and in 2000, amid campaigning for the 2001 prime ministerial election, made a controversial visit to the Al-Aqsa complex on the Temple Mount, triggering the Second Intifada.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

He subsequently defeated Ehud Barak in the election and served as Israel's prime minister from 2001 to 2006. As Prime Minister, Sharon orchestrated the construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier from 2002 to 2003 and Israel's unilateral disengagement from the Gaza Strip in 2005. Facing stiff opposition to the latter policy within the Likud, in November 2005 he left Likud to form a new party, Kadima. He had been expected to win the next election and was widely interpreted as planning on "clearing Israel out of most of the West Bank", in a series of unilateral withdrawals. Following a stroke on 4 January 2006, Sharon remained in a permanent vegetative state until his death in 2014.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1928 (1928-02-26): Birth of Ariel Sharon — Israeli general and politician who served as Prime Minister from 2001 to 2006.
2. 1948: 1948 Milestone — Born in Kfar Malal in Mandatory Palestine to Russian Jewish immigrants, he rose in the ranks of the Israeli Army from its creation in 1948, participating in the 1948 Palestine war as platoon commander of the Alexandroni Brigade and taking part in several battles.
3. 1953: 1953 Milestone — Sharon became an instrumental figure in the creation of Unit 101 and the reprisal operations, including the 1953 Qibya massacre, as well as in the 1956 Suez Crisis, the Six-Day War of 1967, the War of Attrition, and the Yom-Kippur War of 1973.
4. 1977: 1977 Milestone — Upon leaving the military, Sharon entered politics, joining the Likud party, and served in a number of ministerial posts in Likud-led governments from 1977 to 1992 and 1996 to 1999.
5. 1982: 1982 Milestone — As Minister of Defense, he directed the 1982 Lebanon War.
6. 1999: 1999 Milestone — He became the leader of the Likud in 1999, and in 2000, amid campaigning for the 2001 prime ministerial election, made a controversial visit to the Al-Aqsa complex on the Temple Mount, triggering the Second Intifada.
7. 2001: 2001 Milestone — He subsequently defeated Ehud Barak in the election and served as Israel's prime minister from 2001 to 2006.
8. 2002: 2002 Milestone — As Prime Minister, Sharon orchestrated the construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier from 2002 to 2003 and Israel's unilateral disengagement from the Gaza Strip in 2005.
9. 2005: 2005 Milestone — Facing stiff opposition to the latter policy within the Likud, in November 2005 he left Likud to form a new party, Kadima.
10. 2006: 2006 Milestone — Following a stroke on 4 January 2006, Sharon remained in a permanent vegetative state until his death in 2014.
11. 2014 (2014-01-11): Passing & Historical Legacy — Ariel Sharon passed away on 2014-01-11, leaving an enduring historical legacy.

Notable Quotes by Ariel Sharon

“We had become skilled at finding our way in the darkest nights and gradually we built up the strength and endurance these kind of operations required.”

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Ariel Sharon

True or False: “Ariel Sharon was never accused of personal responsibility for the Sabra and Shatila massacre.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): An official inquiry found that he bore 'personal responsibility for ignoring the danger of bloodshed and revenge' regarding the Sabra and Shatila massacre.

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Frequently Asked Questions about Ariel Sharon