Argentine Revolution of 1905

Quick Facts: Who was Argentine Revolution of 1905?

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Argentine Revolution of 1905

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A major civil-military uprising by Radical Civic Union against oligarchic rule in Argentina.

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Origins & Early Life

The Argentine Revolution of 1905 also known as the Radical Revolution of 1905 (Spanish: Revolución radical de 1905) was a civil-military uprising organized by the Radical Civic Union and headed by Hipólito Yrigoyen against the oligarchic dominance known as the Roquismo led by Julio Argentino Roca and his National Autonomist Party. After successive defeats suffered in the revolutions of 1890 and 1893, and not having achieved free and fair elections, the Radical Civic Union entered a serious crisis, which deepened after 1896 with the suicide of Leandro N. Alem and the death of Aristóbulo del Valle. In 1897, Hipólito Yrigoyen, profoundly disagreeing with the direction of agreements imposed by Bernardo de Irigoyen, dissolved the Committee of the RCU in the province of Buenos Aires, due to which the radical party practically ceased to exist. The dissolution of the Radical Civic Union resulted in the formation of a core of radical elements that recognized as their leader Hipólito Yrigoyen. Onto this core - composed of young men, recruited from the middle class, professionals, businessmen, employees, ranchers of the old federal tradition, settlers and laborers from the countryside - was Yrigoyen able to impose discipline and enthusiasm.

Career & Major Achievements

In this context, in 1903, Hipólito Yrigoyen began his revival and reorganization. On February 29, 1904, after 7 years of inactivity, the National Committee of the Radical Civic Union said the electoral abstention of all the radicals of the Republic in the elections of representatives from the nation, senators from the capital, electors for president and vice president of the nation, and announced an armed resistance. "...to persevere in the fight until this abnormal and forced situation radically changes, through the means that your patriotism inspires." In the government was President Manuel Quintana, representing the National Autonomist Party, the country's most affluent groups. On February 4, 1905, in the federal capital (Buenos Aires), Campo de Mayo, Bahía Blanca, Mendoza, Cordoba, and Santa Fe, saw the armed uprising that had been coming, with almost the same flags as in 1890 and 1893. A state of siege was proclaimed throughout the country for ninety days.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

This was one of the most important rebellions that the Republic suffered, for the number of troops involved, the forces involved, and the extent of the movement. Yrigoyen and his group had been working in great secrecy, but despite that, the government was advised of the situation. In the Federal Capital, the repressive measures crushed the movement at its inception. The revolutionaries failed by not being able to secure control of the arsenal in Buenos Aires when General Carlos Smith, chief of Army Staff, rooted out the Radical soldiers. The loyalist troops and police stations soon recovered after being taken by surprise.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1890: 1890 Milestone — After successive defeats suffered in the revolutions of 1890 and 1893, and not having achieved free and fair elections, the Radical Civic Union entered a serious crisis, which deepened after 1896 with the suicide of Leandro N.
2. 1897: 1897 Milestone — In 1897, Hipólito Yrigoyen, profoundly disagreeing with the direction of agreements imposed by Bernardo de Irigoyen, dissolved the Committee of the RCU in the province of Buenos Aires, due to which the radical party practically ceased to exist.
3. 1903: 1903 Milestone — In this context, in 1903, Hipólito Yrigoyen began his revival and reorganization.
4. 1904: 1904 Milestone — On February 29, 1904, after 7 years of inactivity, the National Committee of the Radical Civic Union said the electoral abstention of all the radicals of the Republic in the elections of representatives from the nation, senators from the capital, electors for president and vice president of the nation, and announced an armed resistance.
5. 1905: 1905 Milestone — The Argentine Revolution of 1905 also known as the Radical Revolution of 1905 (Spanish: Revolución radical de 1905) was a civil-military uprising organized by the Radical Civic Union and headed by Hipólito Yrigoyen against the oligarchic dominance known as the Roquismo led by Julio Argentino Roca and his National Autonomist Party.

Notable Quotes by Argentine Revolution of 1905

“to persevere in the fight until this abnormal and forced situation radically changes, through the means that your patriotism inspires.” (1904)

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Argentine Revolution of 1905

True or False: “The Argentine Revolution of 1905 immediately led to Hipólito Yrigoyen's election as President in 1912.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): While the revolution was pivotal, it took until 1916 for Hipólito Yrigoyen to finally be elected president.

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

• Adolph Menzel — Historical peer (Died in 1905) (1905): Pioneering German Realist master, celebrated for his detailed etchings and genre scenes.
• Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg — Historical peer (Died in 1905) (1905): Grand Duke of Luxembourg, ruling from 1890 until his death in 1905.
• Abdul Ghaffar Khan — Historical peer (Born in 1890) (1890): Pioneering nonviolent activist and founder of the Khudai Khidmatgar movement.
• Agatha Christie — Historical peer (Born in 1890) (1890): The 'Queen of Crime,' a master of the mystery genre, best-selling author of all time.
• Albert Szent-Györgyi — Historical peer (Born in 1893) (1893): Pioneering Hungarian biochemist, Nobel laureate for Vitamin C and muscle research.
• Alexander Cunningham — Historical peer (Died in 1893) (1893): Pioneering British archaeologist and founder of the Archaeological Survey of India.
• A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada — Historical peer (Born in 1896) (1896): Pioneering global spread of Krishna consciousness teachings and the Hare Krishna mantra.
• Alfonso Caso — Historical peer (Born in 1896) (1896): Pioneering Mexican archaeologist renowned for pre-Columbian studies.
• Alphonse Daudet — Historical peer (Died in 1897) (1897): French novelist celebrated for his evocative short stories and novels.
• Amelia Earhart — Historical peer (Born in 1897) (1897): Iconic American aviator whose pioneering flights shaped early 20th-century aviation.

Frequently Asked Questions about Argentine Revolution of 1905