Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373

Quick Facts: Who was Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373?

Subject:

Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373

Known for:

The enduring treaty establishing perpetual friendship and alliance between England and Portugal.

Verified Source:

2Day Chrono-Wiki & Primary Historical Archives

Origins & Early Life

The Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373 was signed on 16 June 1373 between King Edward III of England and King Ferdinand I and Queen Leonor of Portugal. It established a treaty of "perpetual friendships, unions [and] alliances" between the two seafaring states, and remains the longest-standing treaty still in effect today. It was reinforced throughout history, including in 1386, 1643, 1654, 1660, 1661, 1703, 1815, and by a secret declaration in 1899.

Career & Major Achievements

It was recognised in the Treaties of Arbitration in the 20th century between Britain and Portugal in 1904 and 1914. The treaty was temporarily void during the Iberian Union from 1580 to 1640, when the monarchies of Spain and Portugal were in a dynastic union.

Enduring Legacy & Impact

However, with Portugal's restoration of independence, the alliance returned and came to a new height during the Napoleonic Wars when the British sent one of their most successful generals, the Duke of Wellington, to stop Napoleon's armies in the Peninsular War. It was activated again during the Second World War, whereupon the Portuguese remained neutral, in agreement with Britain, which did not want to bring the war into the Iberian Peninsula.

Chronological Milestones & Life Events

1. 1373: 1373 Milestone — The Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373 was signed on 16 June 1373 between King Edward III of England and King Ferdinand I and Queen Leonor of Portugal.
2. 1386: 1386 Milestone — It was reinforced throughout history, including in 1386, 1643, 1654, 1660, 1661, 1703, 1815, and by a secret declaration in 1899.
3. 1580: 1580 Milestone — The treaty was temporarily void during the Iberian Union from 1580 to 1640, when the monarchies of Spain and Portugal were in a dynastic union.
4. 1904: 1904 Milestone — It was recognised in the Treaties of Arbitration in the 20th century between Britain and Portugal in 1904 and 1914.

Notable Quotes by Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373

“The Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373 established a treaty of "perpetual friendships, unions [and] alliances" between the two seafaring states.” (1373)

Historical Fact-Check Quiz: Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373

True or False: “True or False: The Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373 was the first treaty to establish perpetual friendship between England and Portugal.”

Answer (FALSE ❌): The treaty established perpetual friendship, but it was not the first agreement; it was a foundational, enduring one that was reinforced by subsequent treaties.

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

• Ibn Kathir — Historical peer (Died in 1373) (1373): Leading Sunni scholar, renowned for Quranic exegesis and universal history.
• Margery Kempe — Historical peer (Born in 1373) (1373): Pioneering English mystic whose autobiography shaped early English literature.
• Ashikaga Yoshimochi — Historical peer (Born in 1386) (1386): Fourth Shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate, ruling during Japan's tumultuous Muromachi period.
• Donatello — Historical peer (Born in 1386) (1386): Master sculptor of the Italian Renaissance, known for expressive works.
• Anne Hutchinson — Historical peer (Died in 1643) (1643): Pioneering religious figure whose challenge to Puritan orthodoxy sparked major colonial schisms.
• Benedetto Castelli — Historical peer (Died in 1643) (1643): Italian mathematician known for his association with Galileo and his work in hydraulics.
• Alessandro Algardi — Historical peer (Died in 1654) (1654): Master of High-Baroque Sculpture, renowned for his portrait busts in Rome.
• Axel Oxenstierna — Historical peer (Died in 1654) (1654): Influential Swedish statesman, Lord High Chancellor, and architect of modern Swedish governance.
• Charles X Gustav — Historical peer (Died in 1660) (1660): Swedish monarch who led the empire during the Second Northern War.
• Daniel Defoe — Historical peer (Born in 1660) (1660): Pioneering English novelist, journalist, and merchant of the early 18th century.

Frequently Asked Questions about Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373