Origins & Early Life

Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam (May 624 – October/November 692) was the leader of a caliphate based in Mecca in opposition to the Umayyads during the Second Fitna from 683 until his death in 692. The son of Zubayr ibn al-Awwam and Asma bint Abi Bakr, and grandson of the first Rashidun caliph Abu Bakr, Ibn al-Zubayr belonged to the Quraysh, the leading tribe of the nascent Muslim community, and was the first child born to the Muhajirun, Islam's earliest converts. As a youth, he participated in the early Muslim conquests alongside his father in Syria and Egypt, and later played a role in the Muslim conquests of North Africa and northern Iran in 647 and 650, respectively. During the First Fitna, he fought on the side of his aunt Aisha against the fourth Rashidun caliph Ali (r.

Pivotal Works & Achievements

656–661). Though little is heard of Ibn al-Zubayr during the subsequent reign of the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680), it was known that he opposed the latter's designation of his son, Yazid I, as his successor. Ibn al-Zubayr, along with many of the Quraysh and the Ansar of Medina, the leading Muslim groups of the Hejaz (western Arabia), opposed the caliphate becoming an inheritable institution...

Enduring Legacy & Impact

The historical impact and works continue to influence the modern world.

Contemporary Figures & Related Historical Timelines

• Wu Zetian — Contemporary (Born in 624) (624): The only undisputed female sovereign in the history of China.
• Yazdegerd III — Contemporary (Born in 624) (624): The final Sasanian King, whose reign marked the end of pre-Islamic Iranian imperial rule.
• Abby Stein — Shared historical date (10-01 · Born) (1991): Israeli-American author, rabbi, and activist who speaks on faith and gender identity.
• Al Oerter — Shared historical date (10-01 · Died) (2007): Four-time Olympic champion in the discus throw, pioneering athletic consistency.
• Annie Besant — Shared historical date (10-01 · Born) (1847): Activist, writer, and Theosophist championing social reform and self-rule.
• Antoine Bourdelle — Shared historical date (10-01 · Died) (1929): French sculptor and teacher, pivotal figure between Beaux-Arts and modern sculpture.
• Antonio Inoki — Shared historical date (10-01 · Died) (2022): Pioneering Japanese wrestler, martial artist, and political figure.
• Brie Larson — Shared historical date (10-01 · Born) (1989): Acclaimed American actress, singer, and filmmaker known for diverse roles.
• Carl Chun — Shared historical date (10-01 · Born) (1852): Pioneering German marine biologist known for deep-sea oceanographic research.
• Charles Aznavour — Shared historical date (10-01 · Died) (2018): Iconic French singer-songwriter, celebrated for his profound voice and vast catalog of songs.
• 624 Historical Timeline & Archive — Explore world events and figures from 624
• 692 Historical Timeline & Archive — Explore world events and figures from 692
• October 1 (10-01) On This Day — Historical events and memorials on October 1